Several advanced techniques are employed to test and restore nanomaterials and devices. Some of the most commonly used methods include:
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM): Used to visualize the nanoscale structure and identify any surface defects. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM): Provides high-resolution imaging and measurements of mechanical properties. X-ray Diffraction (XRD): Used to analyze the crystallographic structure of nanomaterials. Spectroscopy: Techniques like Raman and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy are used to identify chemical compositions and molecular structures. Nanoindentation: Measures the mechanical properties such as hardness and elasticity of nanomaterials.
