Improved selectivity can be achieved through several methods:
Surface Functionalization: Nanoparticles can be coated with specific ligands or antibodies that bind only to target molecules. Size and Shape Control: The physical properties of nanoparticles, such as size and shape, can be precisely controlled to fit into specific molecular structures. Magnetic Nanoparticles: These can be guided to a target location using an external magnetic field, enhancing selectivity. Responsive Nanomaterials: These materials change their properties in response to environmental stimuli like pH, temperature, or light, allowing for controlled interaction.
