integrated circuit (ic)

What are the Challenges in Nanotechnology for ICs?

While nanotechnology offers significant advantages, it also presents challenges:
- Manufacturing precision: Creating nanoscale components requires extremely precise manufacturing techniques.
- Thermal management: As ICs become smaller, managing heat dissipation becomes more challenging.
- Quantum effects: At the nanoscale, quantum mechanical phenomena can affect the behavior of electronic components.
- Material limitations: Developing suitable materials that can reliably function at the nanoscale is an ongoing research area.

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