What are the Challenges in Integrating Nanotechnology into Microelectronics?
While nanotechnology offers significant advantages, it also presents several challenges:
Manufacturing Complexity: Producing nanoscale components requires advanced fabrication techniques that are both complex and expensive. Material Limitations: Finding suitable materials that perform well at the nanoscale while remaining stable and reliable. Heat Dissipation: Managing heat at the nanoscale is more challenging, as smaller components tend to generate more heat relative to their size. Quantum Effects: At the nanoscale, quantum mechanical effects become more pronounced, which can affect the behavior of electronic components in unpredictable ways.
