Despite its advantages, encapsulation faces several challenges: - Scalability: Transitioning from laboratory-scale to industrial-scale production can be difficult. - Uniformity: Ensuring consistent size and distribution of nanoparticles is critical for reproducibility. - Release Kinetics: Achieving the desired release profile for the encapsulated substance requires precise control over the encapsulation process. - Biocompatibility: Ensuring that the encapsulating materials are safe and non-toxic for biomedical applications.