Despite the potential advantages, there are several challenges in developing efficient and stable OPVs:
Stability: Organic materials can degrade over time when exposed to environmental factors such as oxygen, moisture, and UV light. Efficiency: While nanotechnology can enhance efficiency, OPVs still generally have lower power conversion efficiencies compared to inorganic solar cells. Scalability: Producing large-area OPVs with consistent quality and performance remains a challenge. Interfacial Issues: The interfaces between different layers in an OPV can lead to charge recombination and energy losses.
