1. Graphene: The structure of graphene can be described using a hexagonal lattice graph, where each node represents a carbon atom and each edge represents a bond. 2. Self-Assembly: Graph theory can model the self-assembly process of nanoparticles, predicting how they will form larger structures. 3. Drug Delivery Systems: Graphs can model the pathways and interactions of nanoparticles within biological systems, aiding in the design of efficient drug delivery mechanisms.
