What are some key methods used in Nanomaterial Discovery?
Several advanced methods are employed for discovering and engineering nanomaterials:
Bottom-up Approach: This involves assembling materials from atomic or molecular components. Techniques such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) are commonly used. Top-down Approach: This method starts with bulk materials that are then reduced to nanoscale dimensions using techniques like lithography and etching. Self-Assembly: Here, molecules autonomously organize into structured patterns or shapes due to specific, local interactions among the molecules themselves. Characterization Techniques: Tools like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) allow scientists to visualize and measure nanomaterials, ensuring they meet desired specifications.
