Several functional requirements are commonly considered in nanotechnology:
Size and Shape: The dimensions and morphology of nanoparticles significantly influence their properties and behavior. For example, quantum dots exhibit size-dependent optical properties. Surface Chemistry: Surface functionalization with specific molecules can enhance the stability, dispersibility, and reactivity of nanomaterials. It also aids in targeted delivery in biomedical applications. Biocompatibility: For medical applications, nanomaterials must be non-toxic and compatible with biological systems. Electrical Conductivity: In nanoelectronics, materials must have high electrical conductivity to ensure efficient performance of nanoscale circuits. Mechanical Strength: In applications like nanocomposites, materials need to exhibit high mechanical strength and durability. Thermal Stability: Nanomaterials used in high-temperature applications must maintain their properties under thermal stress.
