Non-covalent interactions are weak, reversible forces that play a critical role in the structure and function of molecules, especially in the context of nanotechnology. Unlike covalent bonds, which involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, non-covalent interactions include a variety of forces such as hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, electrostatic interactions, and π-π stacking. These interactions are essential in the assembly, stability, and functionality of nanomaterials.
