Sol-Gel Process: This involves the transition of a solution into a solid gel phase, enabling the creation of nanoparticles with controlled properties. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): A process where gaseous reactants form a solid material on a substrate, widely used for creating thin films and coatings. Hydrothermal Synthesis: Involves crystallizing substances from aqueous solutions at high temperatures and pressures, useful for producing nanomaterials with distinct morphologies. Microemulsion Techniques: Utilizes microemulsions as reaction media to produce nanoparticles with uniform size distribution.
