Several techniques are employed for temperature control at the nanoscale:
Thermal Sensors: These are used to monitor and regulate temperature changes. Nanotechnology enables the creation of highly sensitive thermal sensors that can detect minute temperature variations. Thermal Conductivity: Materials with high thermal conductivity are used to dissipate heat effectively in nanoelectronics and other devices. Photothermal Techniques: Utilizing light to control temperature, photothermal techniques are particularly useful in biomedical applications. Thermoelectric Devices: These devices convert temperature differences into electrical voltage and vice versa, enabling precise temperature control.
