The process typically involves multiple steps to ensure thorough cleaning. Here is a general procedure:
1. Initial Rinse: The nanomaterial is soaked or rinsed in a solvent to dissolve and remove the bulk of the contaminants. 2. Ultrasonic Cleaning: The material is placed in an ultrasonic bath filled with solvent. Ultrasonic waves generate cavitation bubbles that help dislodge contaminants from the surface. 3. Rinsing: The material is rinsed with a clean solvent or deionized water to remove any remaining residues. 4. Drying: The cleaned material is dried using methods such as air drying, nitrogen blow-drying, or vacuum drying to prevent recontamination.
