In the field of Nanotechnology, PD-L1 is being explored for targeted cancer therapies. Nanoparticles can be engineered to deliver drugs, genes, or other therapeutic agents directly to cancer cells that express PD-L1, thereby enhancing the efficacy of the treatment while minimizing side effects. This approach leverages the unique properties of nanoparticles, such as their size, surface charge, and ability to be functionalized with targeting ligands.