Interfacial energy can be measured using several techniques: 1. Contact Angle Measurement: This method involves measuring the angle formed between a liquid droplet and a solid surface. The contact angle provides insights into the wettability and surface energy of the material. 2. Tensiometry: This technique measures the force required to detach a liquid droplet from a surface, providing a direct measurement of interfacial tension. 3. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM): AFM can be used to probe the surface energy at the nanoscale by measuring the forces between a sharp tip and the sample surface.
