Measuring heat at the nanoscale requires advanced techniques due to the limitations of traditional thermometry. Some of the methods include:
1. Scanning Thermal Microscopy (SThM): A variation of atomic force microscopy (AFM) that provides high-resolution thermal imaging. 2. Thermal Reflectance Techniques: Methods like time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR) measure the thermal properties of materials by observing changes in reflectance due to temperature variations. 3. Micro-Raman Spectroscopy: Utilized to measure local temperature changes by analyzing shifts in Raman spectra.
