The degradability of nanomaterials is typically measured using a combination of physical, chemical, and biological methods:
Spectroscopy: Techniques like UV-Vis, IR, and NMR spectroscopy can monitor changes in the chemical structure of nanomaterials over time. Chromatography: Methods such as HPLC and GC can separate and identify degradation products. Microscopy: TEM and SEM can visualize morphological changes in nanomaterials during degradation. Biodegradation Assays: These assays assess the ability of microorganisms to break down nanomaterials.
