contact resistance

How is Contact Resistance Measured?

Several techniques are employed to measure contact resistance:
Four-Point Probe Method: This technique helps to eliminate the effect of lead and spreading resistance.
Transmission Line Model (TLM): Used to extract contact resistance by analyzing the total resistance as a function of contact length.
Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM): Provides high-resolution measurements of potential gradients at the contact interface.

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