Beam convergence is typically achieved using a combination of lenses and apertures. In electron microscopy, electromagnetic lenses are used to focus the electron beam. The convergence angle, which defines how sharply the beam is focused, can be controlled by adjusting the current in these lenses. In optical systems, lenses and mirrors are employed to converge light beams. Advanced techniques such as adaptive optics can further enhance beam convergence by compensating for aberrations and distortions.
