surface scattering

How Does Surface Scattering Affect Electrical Conductivity?

In bulk materials, electrons primarily scatter off impurities and phonons. However, in nanoscale materials, surface scattering becomes a dominant mechanism. When electrons encounter a surface, their mean free path is reduced, leading to increased resistivity. This is particularly relevant in metallic nanowires and thin films, where surface scattering can significantly limit electrical conductivity.

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