How Does Quantum Confinement Affect the Energy Spectrum?
Quantum confinement occurs when the size of a material is comparable to the de Broglie wavelength of the electrons. This confinement restricts the electrons to discrete energy levels, significantly altering the energy spectrum. The effects of quantum confinement are more pronounced in lower-dimensional nanostructures, such as quantum wells (2D), quantum wires (1D), and quantum dots (0D).
