Nanotechnology enhances immunogenicity through several mechanisms: 1. Size and Shape: Nanoparticles can be engineered to optimize their size and shape, which can influence how they are taken up by immune cells. 2. Surface Modification: The surface of nanoparticles can be modified with specific antigens or targeting molecules to improve their recognition by the immune system. 3. Controlled Release: Nanoparticles can provide controlled release of antigens and adjuvants, ensuring a sustained immune response.