Encapsulation Techniques Encapsulation within nanostructures like liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, or mesoporous silica can create a microenvironment that preserves enzyme activity and stability. This technique also allows for controlled release of the enzyme under specific conditions.
Surface Modifications Modifying the surface of nanomaterials with functional groups can improve the interaction between the enzyme and the nanomaterial, enhancing stability. For instance, attaching hydrophilic groups can protect enzymes from hydrophobic environments that might otherwise denature them.
Nanocoatings Applying nanocoatings to enzymes can provide an additional layer of protection against external stressors. Coatings made from materials like polyethylene glycol (PEG) can shield enzymes from proteolytic degradation and extreme pH conditions.
