In MgFFF, a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the direction of the fluid flow within a channel. As the fluid, containing a mixture of nanoparticles, flows through the channel, the particles experience different forces based on their magnetic properties. Non-magnetic particles remain unaffected, while magnetic particles are attracted or repelled by the magnetic field, causing them to migrate to different positions within the flow. By carefully controlling the flow rate and magnetic field strength, one can achieve high-resolution separation of nanoparticles.
