The process begins with the preparation of a polymer melt. The polymer is heated until it reaches a molten state and is then forced through a spinneret, a device with multiple tiny holes. As the molten polymer exits the spinneret, it cools down and solidifies into fibers. By carefully controlling the extrusion rate, cooling rate, and other parameters, it is possible to produce fibers with diameters ranging from micrometers to nanometers.
