Nanomaterials remove contaminants through various mechanisms:
Adsorption: Nanomaterials with high surface areas can adsorb pollutants onto their surfaces, effectively removing them from water. Catalysis: Some nanomaterials act as catalysts to break down complex organic molecules into simpler, non-toxic forms. Redox Reactions: Materials like zerovalent iron undergo redox reactions to convert harmful contaminants into less toxic forms. Antimicrobial Action: Nanosilver and other nanomaterials have antimicrobial properties that kill bacteria and viruses.
