In a typical fluorescence-based assay, a fluorescent molecule or fluorophore is used to tag the target of interest. When the fluorophore absorbs light at a specific wavelength, it emits light at a different wavelength. The emitted light is then measured to determine the presence and quantity of the target. The integration of nanoparticles such as quantum dots or nanoscale metal-organic frameworks can enhance the fluorescence signal, enabling more precise measurements.
