Several methods exist for the synthesis of SWCNTs, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), laser ablation, and arc discharge. Among these, CVD is the most widely used due to its scalability and ability to produce high-quality nanotubes. The process involves the decomposition of a carbon-containing gas (such as methane) on a substrate coated with metal catalysts (such as iron, cobalt, or nickel) at high temperatures.
