Nanoscience relies on sophisticated tools to observe and manipulate materials at the nanoscale. Some of the essential tools include:
Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM): Allows researchers to visualize surfaces at the atomic level. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM): Measures the forces between a sharp probe and the sample surface to generate high-resolution images. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM): Uses electron beams to achieve high-resolution imaging of nanostructures. X-ray Diffraction (XRD): Analyzes the crystalline structure of materials. Spectroscopy Techniques: Such as Raman spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), which provide detailed information about the composition and properties of nanomaterials.
