The integration of enzymes into nanotechnology typically involves immobilization techniques. Immobilization can be achieved through physical adsorption, covalent bonding, or encapsulation within nanomaterials. These methods help in retaining the enzyme's activity, increasing its stability, and enabling its reuse. For example, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and mesoporous silica nanoparticles are commonly used to encapsulate enzymes, providing a protective environment that enhances their performance.
