What is Nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology involves the manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. It enables the creation of materials, devices, and systems through the control of matter at nanometer dimensions, typically 1 to 100 nanometers.
How Do Nanoparticles Target Cancer Cells?
Nanoparticles can be designed to target cancer cells specifically by attaching targeting molecules such as
antibodies or ligands to their surface. These molecules bind to receptors that are overexpressed on cancer cells, ensuring that the nanoparticles deliver their payload directly to the tumor site, minimizing damage to healthy cells.
What is the Role of Nanotechnology in Imaging and Diagnosis?
Nanotechnology also plays a crucial role in
imaging and diagnosis of cancer. Nanoparticles can improve the sensitivity and specificity of imaging techniques such as
MRI, CT scans, and PET scans. For example, iron oxide nanoparticles are used as contrast agents in MRI to enhance the visibility of tumors.
Enhanced drug delivery and controlled release
Reduced side effects and toxicity
Improved
biodistribution and pharmacokinetics
Ability to overcome multi-drug resistance
Potential for personalized medicine
Potential toxicity and long-term safety concerns
Challenges in large-scale manufacturing and reproducibility
Regulatory hurdles and ethical considerations
High cost of development and treatment
