The cost of nanomaterials can be attributed to several factors: 1. Synthesis Techniques: Advanced methods like chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) require sophisticated equipment and conditions, driving up costs. 2. Purity and Quality: High-purity nanomaterials often require multiple purification steps, which add to the expense. 3. Scarcity of Raw Materials: Some nanomaterials are derived from rare elements, making them inherently costly. Graphene and carbon nanotubes are prime examples. 4. Complexity in Handling: Nanomaterials often require special storage conditions and handling procedures to maintain their integrity.