The primary unit of measurement in nanotechnology is the nanometer (nm), which is one billionth of a meter (10^-9 meters). Other units include: - Micrometer (µm): One millionth of a meter (10^-6 meters). - Angstrom (Å): One ten-billionth of a meter (10^-10 meters). - Picometer (pm): One trillionth of a meter (10^-12 meters).