biological specimens

What Techniques are Used to Study Biological Specimens?

Several advanced techniques are employed to study biological specimens at the nanoscale. These include:
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) - This technique allows for the imaging and manipulation of biological specimens at the atomic level.
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) - Provides detailed images of the specimen's surface.
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) - Used for viewing the internal structure of cells and tissues.
X-ray Crystallography - Helps in determining the 3D structure of biomolecules.
Fluorescence Microscopy - Enables the visualization of specific proteins or nucleic acids within cells.

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