Nano-scale research and development require several key resources, including financial investment, skilled personnel, advanced equipment, and raw materials. Financial resources are needed to fund research projects, purchase equipment, and compensate the workforce. Skilled personnel, such as scientists and engineers, are critical for conducting experiments and developing new applications. Advanced equipment, like electron microscopes and atomic force microscopes, are essential for observing and manipulating nano-scale materials. Raw materials, including various nanoparticles and quantum dots, are the building blocks of nanotechnology applications.