Various materials are employed to create nanoparticles for drug delivery, including lipids, polymers, metals, and inorganic materials. Lipid-based nanoparticles like liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles are biocompatible and have been widely used. Polymeric nanoparticles are versatile and can be designed to respond to specific stimuli, such as pH or temperature. Metal nanoparticles, such as gold nanoparticles, have unique optical properties that can be utilized for both therapy and diagnostics.
