Desulfurization is the process of removing sulfur from materials such as fossil fuels, which include crude oil, coal, and natural gas. This process is crucial for reducing sulfur dioxide emissions, which contribute to air pollution and acid rain. Traditional methods of desulfurization include hydrodesulfurization (HDS), oxidative desulfurization (ODS), and adsorptive desulfurization. However, these methods often face challenges such as high operational costs and the need for high temperatures and pressures.
