A Bloch function is a mathematical description of the wavefunctions of electrons in a periodic potential, such as those found in crystalline solids. This concept is pivotal in solid-state physics and, by extension, in nanotechnology. According to Bloch's theorem, the wavefunction of an electron in a periodic potential can be expressed as a plane wave modulated by a periodic function. This allows for the simplification of complex problems involving the electronic properties of materials.
