Several factors influence the LSPR properties of nanoparticles:
Size and Shape: The resonance frequency shifts depending on the nanoparticle's dimensions and geometry. For instance, spherical nanoparticles have different LSPR characteristics compared to rod-shaped ones. Material Composition: Different metals exhibit different LSPR properties. Silver nanoparticles generally show sharper and more intense plasmon resonances than gold nanoparticles. Dielectric Environment: The surrounding medium's refractive index affects the resonance frequency. Changes in the local dielectric environment, such as the binding of molecules to the nanoparticle surface, result in a detectable shift in the LSPR spectrum. Interparticle Distance: For nanoparticle assemblies, the distance between individual particles can affect the collective plasmonic behavior, leading to coupled plasmon modes.
