Several factors influence the bioactivity of nanomaterials, including:
- Size: Smaller nanoparticles have a larger surface area to volume ratio, enhancing their interaction with biological molecules. - Shape: Different shapes (spherical, rod-like, or sheet-like) can affect cellular uptake and distribution. - Surface Chemistry: Functional groups on the nanoparticle surface can modulate interactions with cells and proteins. - Composition: The material from which nanoparticles are made (e.g., metals, polymers, or ceramics) also plays a significant role. - Charge: Surface charge affects the nanoparticle's ability to interact with biological membranes.
