What Factors Contribute to Thermal Losses in Nanomaterials?
Several factors contribute to thermal losses in nanomaterials:
Phonon scattering: Increased scattering of phonons at grain boundaries, interfaces, and defects. Electron-phonon interaction: Interactions between electrons and phonons can lead to energy dissipation. Surface roughness and imperfections: These can impede heat flow and increase thermal resistance. Quantum confinement: Alters the energy states and transport properties of materials.
