There are several types of chemical transducers commonly used in nanotechnology:
Electrochemical Transducers: These transducers measure the electrical properties of a chemical reaction. Examples include potentiometric, amperometric, and conductometric sensors. Optical Transducers: These devices rely on changes in optical properties such as absorption, fluorescence, or refractive index. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors and quantum dot-based sensors are typical examples. Mass-sensitive Transducers: These transducers detect changes in mass. Quartz crystal microbalances (QCM) and cantilever-based sensors are common types.
