1. Experimental Challenges: Generating high-quality, reproducible data at the nanoscale is technically challenging and resource-intensive. 2. Interdisciplinary Barriers: Nanotechnology intersects multiple disciplines, from chemistry to physics to biology, complicating data standardization and sharing. 3. Proprietary Restrictions: Companies and research institutions may withhold data due to intellectual property concerns. 4. Cost: High costs associated with advanced instrumentation and specialized materials limit widespread data generation.
