Control measures in nanotechnology can be broadly categorized into three types: engineering controls, administrative controls, and personal protective equipment (PPE).
Engineering Controls
Engineering controls aim to isolate or reduce exposure to nanomaterials through the use of physical barriers or equipment. Examples include:
-
Fume Hoods and HEPA Filters: These devices help capture airborne nanoparticles, preventing inhalation.
-
Ventilation Systems: Proper ventilation can dilute and remove nanoparticles from the air in workspaces.
-
Enclosures and Isolation: Using closed systems or
gloveboxes to handle nanomaterials minimizes exposure.
Administrative Controls
Administrative controls involve implementing policies and procedures to reduce the risk of exposure. These include:
- Training and Education: Ensuring that all personnel are educated about the risks associated with nanomaterials and trained in safe handling practices.
- Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs): Establishing clear guidelines for the safe handling, storage, and disposal of nanomaterials.
- Exposure Monitoring: Regular monitoring of the work environment to detect and measure nanoparticle concentrations.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
PPE is the last line of defense against exposure to nanomaterials. Proper PPE includes:
- Respirators: Using respirators that are capable of filtering out nanoparticles to prevent inhalation.
- Gloves: Wearing gloves made of materials that are resistant to nanoparticles.
- Protective Clothing: Utilizing lab coats, coveralls, and other clothing designed to prevent skin contact with nanomaterials.
