What are the main types of nanomaterials used for ORR?
Several types of nanomaterials are employed to enhance ORR, including:
Platinum-based nanocatalysts: These are the most commonly used due to their superior catalytic activity. However, they are expensive and prone to poisoning. Non-precious metal catalysts: Transition metal oxides, carbides, and nitrides are cost-effective alternatives with good stability and activity. Carbon-based nanomaterials: Graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers offer high conductivity and large surface areas, making them excellent catalyst supports. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs): These porous materials provide high surface areas and tunable chemical environments, enhancing ORR activity.
