1. Health Risks: Due to their small size, nanomaterials can penetrate cells and tissues, potentially leading to toxicological effects. The long-term health effects are still largely unknown. 2. Environmental Risks: Nanoparticles can accumulate in the environment, impacting ecosystems and biodiversity. Their interactions with soil, water, and air need thorough examination. 3. Ethical and Societal Risks: The rapid advancement of nanotechnologies raises ethical questions about privacy, security, and inequality. Addressing these is crucial for public acceptance and ethical compliance.
