There are several key manufacturing techniques in nanotechnology:
Top-down lithography: This technique involves etching nanoscale structures from larger materials, commonly used in semiconductor manufacturing. Bottom-up assembly: This method builds structures atom-by-atom or molecule-by-molecule, mimicking processes found in nature. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD): Used to produce high-quality, high-performance solid materials, typically under vacuum. Atomic layer deposition (ALD): A thin film deposition technique based on the sequential use of a gas phase chemical process.
