What Are the Key Forces Driving Molecular Assembly?
Several non-covalent interactions drive molecular assembly:
Hydrogen Bonding: Strong directional bonds between hydrogen and electronegative atoms (e.g., oxygen, nitrogen). Van der Waals Forces: Weak attractions between molecules due to temporary dipoles. Electrostatic Interactions: Attractions between oppositely charged ions or molecules. Hydrophobic Effects: The tendency of non-polar molecules to aggregate in aqueous environments to minimize their exposure to water.
