fabrication precision

What are the Common Techniques for Achieving Precision?

Several techniques are employed to achieve high precision in nanofabrication:
1. Lithography: Methods like electron-beam lithography and photolithography allow for patterning at the nanoscale with high accuracy.
2. Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD): This technique provides sub-nanometer control of film thickness.
3. Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM): Techniques such as Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) enable manipulation and characterization at the atomic level.
4. Self-Assembly: Leveraging the natural tendency of molecules to organize into well-defined structures can achieve precision in a cost-effective manner.

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