Despite its potential, topological photonics faces several challenges:
Fabrication Techniques: Creating precise nanostructures that support topological modes can be technically demanding and expensive. Material Limitations: Identifying and developing materials that exhibit the necessary topological properties at specific wavelengths of light. Integration: Integrating topological photonic structures with existing photonic and electronic systems can be complex. Scalability: Scaling up these systems for practical applications requires overcoming significant engineering challenges.
